Acid Balanced Waves: waves that have a ph between 6.8-8.2 and don't require heat.
Alkaline waves or cold waves: ph between 9-9.6 and process without heat
Amino acids:compounds made of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen
Ammonia free waves: uses an ingredient that doesn't evaporate as easily as ammonia so there's very little odor
Ammonia thioglycolate: active ingredient or reducing agent in alkaline permanents
Base cream: oily cream used to protect skin and scalp
Base control: position of the tool determined by the angle
Base direction: refers to the angle the rod is positioned to the head
Base placement: refers to the position of the rod in relation to its base section
Base relaxers: require the application of a protective base cream to the entire scalp
Base sections: panels of subsections that is rolled onto the rod
Basic perm wrap: straight set wrap
Bookend wrap: fold the paper in half over the end of the hair
Bricklay perm wrap: rollers are offset row by row so they don't line up
Chemical Hair Relaxing:Removing curl, leaving it smooth and wave free
Chemical Texture Services: Permanent Waving - Adding wave or curl to the hair Relaxing - Removing curl, leaving it smooth and wave free Curl Re-Forming - Loosening overly curly hair
Concave Rods: These are the most common type of rod used, it is smaller in the centre and larger on both sides
Cortex: This is the middle structure of the hair, beneath the cuticle. Breaking the side bonds of the cortex makes it possible to change the wave pattern of the hair.
Croquignole Perms: Hair is wrapped from end to end, creating a tighter curl at the ends and a looser curl towards the base.
Curvature Perm Wraps: A wrap technique to follow the natural curvature of the head
Disulfide Bonds: Strong chemical side bonds formed when the sulfur atoms of two adjacent protein chains are joined together
Double Flat Wraps: Uses two papers, one on top and one below the hair being wrapped
Double Rod Techniques: Two rods are used for one strand of hair, one on top of the other.The upper half is wrapped around one and the lower half is wrapped around the other.
Endothermic Waves: Absorbs heat from its surrounding
End Papers: Thin papers placed around the ends of the hair used to protect the ends and keep them from breaking or hooking
Exothermic Waves: A chemical reaction within the hair produces heat
Glyceryl Monothioglycolate: An acid with a low pH used in acid waves
Half Off-Base Placement: Wrapping the hair at a 90 degree angle to minimize stress and tension of the hair
Hydrogen bonds are weak physical side bonds that are also the result of an attraction between opposite electrical charges.
Hydroxide neutralization hydrogen relaxers deactivates the alkaline residues left in the hair by the relaxer.
Hydroxide relaxers very strong alkalis, most have a PH over 13 and can swell the hair up to twice its normal diameter.
Lanthionization is a process in which hydroxide relaxers remove a sulfur atom from the disulfide bond, converting it into a lanthionine bond.
Loop or circle rod is usually about 12 inches long with a uniform diameter along the entire length of the rod. After the hair is wrapped, the rod is secured by fastening the ends together to form a loop.
Low pH waves is the use of sulfates, sulfites, and bisulfites presents an alternative to ATG
Medulla is the innermost layer of the hair
Metal hydroxide relaxers are ionic formed by a metalsodium, pottasium, or lithium, which is combined with oxygen and hydrogen.
No-base relaxers do not require the application of a protective base cream as they contain one that is designed to melt at body temperature.
Normalizing lotions are conditioners with the acidic pH that condition the hair and restore the natural pH prior to shampooing.
Off base placement refers to wrapping the hair at 45 degrees below the center of the base section.
On base placement the hair is wrapped 45 degrees beyond perpendicular to its base section
Peptide bonds link amino acids together end to end in long chains, like beads, to form a polypeptide chain.
Polypeptide chains are long chains of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds or end bonds
Salt bonds are weak physical side bonds that are the result of an attraction between negative and positive electrical charges.
Side bonds There are three types of side bonds; disulfide, salt, and hydrogen. They are responsible for the elasticity and strength of the hair.
Single flat wrap only uses one end paper, placed over the top of the strand of hair.
Soft bender rods usually are 12 inches long with a uniform diameter along the entire length that have a wire inside that permits them to bend.
Soft curl permanent is a combination of a thio relaxer and athio permanent that is wrapped on large rods.
Spiral perm wrap is when the hair is wrapped at an angle other than the perpendicular to the length of the rod.
Straight rods are equal in diameter along their entire length and makes a uniform curl along the entire width of the strand
Thioglycolic acid is a colourless liquid with a strong unpleasant odor, is the most common reducing agent, the stronger the perm solution, the higher concentration of this solution.
Thio neutralization stops the action of the waving solution, and rebuilds the hair into its new curly form. Any waving solution ledr in the hair remains deactivated. Disulfide bonds that were broken by the waving solution are rebuilt
Thio relaxers break disulfide bonds and soften hair, just as in permanents.
Thio-free waves use an ingredient other than ATG as the primary reducing agent, most of them rely on cysteamine or mercaptamine.
True acid waves have a pH between 4.5 and 7.0 and require heat to speed process
Weave technique uses zigzag partings to divide base areas
Alkaline waves or cold waves: ph between 9-9.6 and process without heat
Amino acids:compounds made of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen
Ammonia free waves: uses an ingredient that doesn't evaporate as easily as ammonia so there's very little odor
Ammonia thioglycolate: active ingredient or reducing agent in alkaline permanents
Base cream: oily cream used to protect skin and scalp
Base control: position of the tool determined by the angle
Base direction: refers to the angle the rod is positioned to the head
Base placement: refers to the position of the rod in relation to its base section
Base relaxers: require the application of a protective base cream to the entire scalp
Base sections: panels of subsections that is rolled onto the rod
Basic perm wrap: straight set wrap
Bookend wrap: fold the paper in half over the end of the hair
Bricklay perm wrap: rollers are offset row by row so they don't line up
Chemical Hair Relaxing:Removing curl, leaving it smooth and wave free
Chemical Texture Services: Permanent Waving - Adding wave or curl to the hair Relaxing - Removing curl, leaving it smooth and wave free Curl Re-Forming - Loosening overly curly hair
Concave Rods: These are the most common type of rod used, it is smaller in the centre and larger on both sides
Cortex: This is the middle structure of the hair, beneath the cuticle. Breaking the side bonds of the cortex makes it possible to change the wave pattern of the hair.
Croquignole Perms: Hair is wrapped from end to end, creating a tighter curl at the ends and a looser curl towards the base.
Curvature Perm Wraps: A wrap technique to follow the natural curvature of the head
Disulfide Bonds: Strong chemical side bonds formed when the sulfur atoms of two adjacent protein chains are joined together
Double Flat Wraps: Uses two papers, one on top and one below the hair being wrapped
Double Rod Techniques: Two rods are used for one strand of hair, one on top of the other.The upper half is wrapped around one and the lower half is wrapped around the other.
Endothermic Waves: Absorbs heat from its surrounding
End Papers: Thin papers placed around the ends of the hair used to protect the ends and keep them from breaking or hooking
Exothermic Waves: A chemical reaction within the hair produces heat
Glyceryl Monothioglycolate: An acid with a low pH used in acid waves
Half Off-Base Placement: Wrapping the hair at a 90 degree angle to minimize stress and tension of the hair
Hydrogen bonds are weak physical side bonds that are also the result of an attraction between opposite electrical charges.
Hydroxide neutralization hydrogen relaxers deactivates the alkaline residues left in the hair by the relaxer.
Hydroxide relaxers very strong alkalis, most have a PH over 13 and can swell the hair up to twice its normal diameter.
Lanthionization is a process in which hydroxide relaxers remove a sulfur atom from the disulfide bond, converting it into a lanthionine bond.
Loop or circle rod is usually about 12 inches long with a uniform diameter along the entire length of the rod. After the hair is wrapped, the rod is secured by fastening the ends together to form a loop.
Low pH waves is the use of sulfates, sulfites, and bisulfites presents an alternative to ATG
Medulla is the innermost layer of the hair
Metal hydroxide relaxers are ionic formed by a metalsodium, pottasium, or lithium, which is combined with oxygen and hydrogen.
No-base relaxers do not require the application of a protective base cream as they contain one that is designed to melt at body temperature.
Normalizing lotions are conditioners with the acidic pH that condition the hair and restore the natural pH prior to shampooing.
Off base placement refers to wrapping the hair at 45 degrees below the center of the base section.
On base placement the hair is wrapped 45 degrees beyond perpendicular to its base section
Peptide bonds link amino acids together end to end in long chains, like beads, to form a polypeptide chain.
Polypeptide chains are long chains of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds or end bonds
Salt bonds are weak physical side bonds that are the result of an attraction between negative and positive electrical charges.
Side bonds There are three types of side bonds; disulfide, salt, and hydrogen. They are responsible for the elasticity and strength of the hair.
Single flat wrap only uses one end paper, placed over the top of the strand of hair.
Soft bender rods usually are 12 inches long with a uniform diameter along the entire length that have a wire inside that permits them to bend.
Soft curl permanent is a combination of a thio relaxer and athio permanent that is wrapped on large rods.
Spiral perm wrap is when the hair is wrapped at an angle other than the perpendicular to the length of the rod.
Straight rods are equal in diameter along their entire length and makes a uniform curl along the entire width of the strand
Thioglycolic acid is a colourless liquid with a strong unpleasant odor, is the most common reducing agent, the stronger the perm solution, the higher concentration of this solution.
Thio neutralization stops the action of the waving solution, and rebuilds the hair into its new curly form. Any waving solution ledr in the hair remains deactivated. Disulfide bonds that were broken by the waving solution are rebuilt
Thio relaxers break disulfide bonds and soften hair, just as in permanents.
Thio-free waves use an ingredient other than ATG as the primary reducing agent, most of them rely on cysteamine or mercaptamine.
True acid waves have a pH between 4.5 and 7.0 and require heat to speed process
Weave technique uses zigzag partings to divide base areas